Today’s topic of discussion is the conquest of Mecca. 21 years ago, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received prophethood from Allah in the city of Mecca. For the first three years of his prophethood, his invitation to Islam was limited to his relatives and family. In the fourth year, he began to openly call others to Islam directly. Later, the Quraysh tribe began attacking the Muslims. They started atrocities and torture against Muslims. Then a group migrated and took Abu Se, unable to bear the torture, left. The Battle of Badr took place in the second year after the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) migrated to Medina. Immediately after the collapse of the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) decided to invade Mecca. First, we will discuss how the Treaty of Hudaybiyah was broken.
The people of Banu Khadim tribe during the Age of Ignorance, The Banu Bakr tribe was allied with. In that era, it was common to see people from one tribe befriending others and helping each other. One day, he accidentally entered the territory of a tribe called Huja. And the people of that tribe killed him and took his money.
Since the people of these two tribes Banu Khadim and Banu Bakr were allies, they killed a man from that tribe Huja together. In retaliation, the people of that tribe Huja went and killed three people from that tribe Banu Bakr.
According to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, whoever wished could either unite with the Quraysh or unite with the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).
That tribe Banu Bakr went and formed an alliance with the Quraysh, and the other tribe Huja went and formed an alliance with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
But under the leadership of Muawiyah, the leader of that tribe Banu Bakr, they attacked the people of the other tribe Huja. Some of the Quraysh participated in this attack because the attack took place at night, so it was not clear who was participating in the attack. To save their lives, the people of that tribe Huja entered the Harem and begged Muawiyah for their lives, but Muawiyah killed them all.
After hearing this incident, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) wrote to the people of that Quraysh, saying: “Either you pay blood money or I will fight you.”
But the Quraysh did not agree to pay the blood money, perhaps they did not have that much wealth, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) decided to attack them.
What the Quraysh did was a clear breach of the treaty and treachery. It is noteworthy that not all of the Quraysh tribe did this, only a few did this, which was enough to break the treaty. The treaty of Hudaybiyyah was for ten years, but after one year, the infidels broke the treaty.
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) decided to invade Mecca and the reason for this was the breach of the Treaty of Hudaibiyah. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) sent intelligence forces to various places inside Medina so that no one could attack Medina.
A companion of the Prophet whose name was Hatit ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) had his family in Mecca. He was worried about his family. If the Muslims attacked Mecca, his family might be harmed. So he wrote a letter to the Quraysh in Mecca to protect his family.
Hatit ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) sent the letter to Mecca with a woman, but on the way, the spies of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) arrested the woman and recovered the letter. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) read the letter and asked Hatit ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) to bring it to him. When Hatit ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived, he explained to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) that he had sent the letter out of concern for his family. When Hazrat Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) asked permission to kill him, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said that this man had participated in the Battle of Badr and Allaah has forgiven all those who participated in the Battle of Badr. Then this verse was revealed:
O you who have believed, do not take My enemies and your enemies as allies, extending to them affection while they have disbelieved in what came to you of the truth, having driven out the Prophet and yourselves [only] because you believe in Allah, your Lord. If you have come out for jihad in My cause and seeking means to My approval, [take them not as friends]. You confide to them affection, but I am most knowing of what you have concealed and what you have declared. And whoever does it among you has certainly strayed from the soundness of the way.
(Quran 60:1)
Spying for the infidels is a terrible crime and the punishment for this crime is the death penalty. Hatit ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) survived because he participated in the Battle of Badr.
The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) set out with 10,000 soldiers to conquer Mecca. Al-Husayn Al-Gifari (may Allah be pleased with him) has been appointed as the temporary governor of Medina. The Prophet (peace be upon him) first arrived in Jufa with ten thousand soldiers.
The rest of the conquest of Mecca will be discussed in the next episode.
